1 + 2a
= b,
a
+ b
= a
b,
a
+ Ö
3a
= b,
1 + a
= Ö
3a,
1 + 2Ö
3b
= b
2
(9)
It should be noted that b
= 2 + Ö3 is the 4-th negative
silver mean, i.e., it satisfies Equation 4a for p = 4
and q = -1 and can be expressed as the following
continued fraction with negative entries,
b
= 4 - 1/(4 - 1/(4 - 1/(4 - 1/(....))))
The approximants of this sequence : 4/1, 15/4, 56/15, ...
are found in the terms of sequence 8a and 8b related to
powers of b.
The proportion b is the
basis for generating quasicrystals with the forbidden
twelve-fold symmetry [Chen 1988].
A second pair of double geometric sequence and
their accompanying integer sequence shed light on this system of proportions,
...Ö3/y
Ö3
Ö3y
Ö3y2
Ö3y3
Ö3y4 ...
...1/y
1
y
y2
y3
y4 ...
(10a)
and
1 1 4 10 28 76 208 ...
0 1 2 6 16 44 140 ...
(10b)
Each of sequence 10a and 10b are Generalized Fibonacci sequence
with the additive property,
an+1 = 2 (an-1 + an)
(11)
Also the ratio of successive terms in each sequence of
sequence 10b has the property lim an+1/an = y
and lim bn+1/bn = y
while lim bn/an = Ö
3 when n ® ¥. Whereas each term from the lower sequence divides the two
terms from the upper sequence that brace it in a
ratio of 1:2, e.g., 2(16 - 10) = 28 - 16, each term from
the upper sequence is the harmonic means of the
two terms from the lower sequence that brace
it in an asymptotic sense, and divides this interval
in a ratio which asymptotically approaches
a
= 1.366..., e.g., (140-76)/(76-44) = 11/8 = 1.375
where 76 is approximately the harmonic mean of 44 and 140.
The same property holds exactly for sequence 10a.
As an example of the additive properties of the root 3 system,
consider edge AB of the twelve pointed star shown in Figure 1c.
Taking the edge of the dodecagon to be 1 unit and
using Equation 9, the length of the longest diagonal AB is,
AB = 1 + 1/y
+ 1 + 1/y
+ 1 = a
+ 1 + a
= b
and, using Equation 11, the diagonals intersect in the ratio,
1/(1/y
+ 1 + 1/y
+ 1) = 1/y